As we known, the earth is a sphere and has no edges from which one can measure distance. ii. These lines of reference are called meridians of longitude, and the distance between them are measured in degree of longitude.
So Torrid Zone experiences maximum heat. This area, therefore, receives the maximum heat and is called the Torrid Zone. As such the areas bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic circle in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere, have moderate temperature.
Torrid Zone- The mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes in between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.These areas, therefore, receive maximum heat and are called the Torrid Zone. This area, therefore, receives the maximum heat and is called the The midday sun never shines overhead on any latitude beyond the Tropic of Cancer and the Topic of Capricorn. Therefore, its rays are always slanting and provide less heat.
Greek scholar Aristotle was the first person to classify the heat zones of the Earth.The mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes in between the Tropic of Cancer 23.5° and the Tropic of Capricorn 23.5°. It is because here the sun does not rise much above the horizon. The only area believed to be habitable was the northern "Temperate Zone" (the southern one not having been discovered), lying between the "Frigid Zones" and the "Torrid Zone". Similarly, at 180 degree it will be midnight when it is 12 noon at Greenwich.At any place a watch can be adjusted to read 12 o’clock when the sun is at the highest point in the sky, i.e., when it is midday. The three heat zones are: i. Beyond the Arctic and the Antarctic Circles, the sun does not raise much above the horizon. The angle of the sun’s rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. This zone is also known as the torrid zone. Frigid Zone ♦North Frigid Zone ♦South Frigid Zone. These three zones are further classified into: The North Frigid Zone, between the Arctic Circle 66.5 ̊ north and the North Pole, 90 ̊ north, covering 4.12 per cent of the Earth’s surface. This zone covers 39.78% of total Earth’s surface.The mid-day sun never shines overhead on any latitude beyond the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Each degree is further divide into minutes and seconds. These are We are aware that the axis of the earth which joins the North Pole and the South Pole is an imaginary line.
In the temperate zone, the angle of the Sun's rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. Thus, when it is 12 noon at Greenwich, the time at 15 degree east of Greenwich will be 15 x 4 = 60 minutes, i.e., 1 hour ahead of Greenwich time which means 1 p.m.
These are, therefore, called Areas lying between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and the south pole in the southern Hemisphere, are very cold. Similarly all points south of the equator are called ‘south latitudes’The equator is the largest, possible circle which can be draw around the earth.